Students, in the process of learning, will interact with teachers, peers, parents, and even professionals outside of the school building in order to seek and understand their learning (Ali et al., Citation2010; Martin, Citation1997). The coronavirus infection (COVID-19) made its first, appearance in the City of Wuhan City in Mainland China, and in just a few months, it has, morphed into a global health epidemic. Learner- centered english language teaching, Promoting active learning in large class University teaching: Prospects and challenges, Using assessment criteria as learning criteria: A case study in psychology, A model formative assessment strategy to promote student-centred self-regulated learning in higher education. One of the modalities that are being implemented is the modular distance learning wherein it involves individualized instruction where learners use self-learning . Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. The individual learning may help in developing many notable and self-reliant characters, and in much more modern ways, students enjoy periods in which they pursue their interests and satisfy their curiosities (Manlove & David, Citation1985). By closing this message, you are consenting to our use of cookies. The modular approach helps to maximize the chances of students' participation to fulfill the given tasks at the spot, so the students feel free to learn in their own style (Sadiq and Zamir, 2014 . Should elementary school children be taught about LGBTQ? The instructional process was predominantly teacher-centered. In modular approach, all the capabilities required to perform are closely related. On the other hand, instructor thought that it is impossible to engage students actively in the teachinglearning process using lecture method. Instructors were confined to PowerPoint presentation and lengthy explanation leaving students as passive receiver. The skilled human resource available to generate and guide development in one of Africas largest and poorest countries was, therefore, very small in relation to the enormity of the task. You might think that do instructors cant teach without LCD?? An instructor said the following: Students usually consider assignments as an affirmative action through which they got marks for free. The university college had less than 1,000 students and less than 50 teachers in the late 1950s. Help me with my Research Title( Quantitative Research) , trends problem within the Philippines with examples. Table 2. Attempts at educational reform in Ethiopia: A top-down or a bottom-up reform? Assessment is the process by which the instructor collects information about students that he/she will use to make educational decisions about them. They had never been informed about the evaluation criteria and they often did not receive feedback either in written or oral form from their instructors. Learning outcomes that have been indicated in the modules should be assessed using applicable and appropriate assessment procedures so that the outcomes provide evidence of mastery of the desired learning outcomes. Mr. D has two bank accounts in DEC Bank. I. These days, there is a move toward modular approach to curriculum implementation. Moreover, it should consider individual difference by providing flexibility with respect to the pacing, format, and contents of the instruction (Hernandez, Citation2012). Students' time management can also affect stress level of students as they need to cope with their tasks and their personal achievements. This implies that the instructors were acting as source of knowledge considering the students as recipients of knowledge. We use cookies to enhance your browsing experience. Particularly, instructors and students should clearly understand the underlying ideas, concepts, merits, and demerits of the new approach. I've identified five core types of learning gaps that students can experience, including: Knowledge gaps: Students do not know or were not exposed to the correct information. Finally, instructors should not be misled: planning and structuring active learning in large classes takes time and energy. % The practice of active learning as perceived by students. Schools closed down and mathematics teachers were facing the challenge of developing alternative educational practices, including at distance through digital technology. The study was experimental type. Group assignments are meant for engaging only one or two students whose academic performance is better and other group members did not take individual accountability and/or contributions to complete group assignments. Justifying this, instructors stated that large class size, lack of students motivation, and shortage of time have hindered them to participate students in the teachinglearning process. Cognizant of this, Ministry of Education (MoE) of Ethiopia, in the effort of reengineering of the teachinglearning core process, has proposed modularization as a best way of curriculum implementation and production of competent global graduates (MoE [Ministry of Education], Citation2013). In this regard, the instructors were given a questionnaire describing a teachers behavior in a student-centered classroom and they were asked how often they have been using them in their classroom. Moreover, it is challenging instructors professional ethics. This research study aims to improve the system by addressing the challenges of students encounter in this mode of learning. Moreover, the fundamental principle of assessment in modular program is that the assessment methods should be in accordance with the learning outcomes of the module and should foster a deep approach to learning. Sets of tasks are grouped together. The following examples of research titles about education for college students are ideal for a project that will take a long duration to complete. The need for counseling in public and private schools: Which is greater? The information the instructor obtained from assessments can help him/her make these decisions with more accuracy and efficiency (Black, Harrison, Lee, Marshall, & William, Citation2003; Bennett, Citation2011; Black & Dylan, Citation2009). This result is in agreement with Hernandez (Citation2012) who reported that large class size and the approach i.e., modularization by itself as barriers for providing feedback to students. Most questions will be different each time you take the test, You mustanswer at least 9 out of 10 questions correctlyto. Second, I am expected to deliver the course using student-entered teaching strategies in a classroom setting where more than 100 students sat on fixed desks arranged in traditional row forms. Therefore, a module is a course that together with other related courses can constitute a particular area of specialization. Have your money back any time. According to different scholars in the field of social science researches (e.g., Janet, Citation2005; Lawrence, Citation2007; Schreiber & Asner-Self, Citation2011), in a moderately larger population (1,0001,500), taking 30% of the total populations as a sample is considered as representative. One of the strong justifications to this bold conclusion is that the purpose of the school was to train the highly qualified priests to organize religious music and dancing. One student expressed that. Card, may withdraw his cash by issuing a check in his favor. The sudden shift from face-to-face learning to distance learning threatened not only the parents and students but most especially the Department of Education, on what they can do to ensure that though the delivery of learning changes, the quality of the education remains the same. Sample size was consisted on 30 students. Register to receive personalised research and resources by email. <>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/Annots[ 9 0 R] /MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S>> Until the turn of the millennium, the Ethiopian higher education system comprised only two universities, few colleges, a total of about 35,000 students, and a small supervisory unit in the MoE. The following excerpt from an instructor depicts the situation clearly. The key purpose of this research was to find out the effectiveness of modular approach in teaching in order to assess the student learning, performance and achievement and to determine whether the modular teaching is more effective than traditional methods. Different delivery modes were adopted depending on the needs and capacities of the schools, teachers and students. Similarly, a department head at institute of technology has complained that PowerPoint presentation is dominating the instructional processes limiting students to reading PowerPoint slides for examination. Answer: The key purpose of this research was to find out the effectiveness of modular approach in teaching in order to assess the student learning, performance and achievement and to determine whether the modular teaching is more effective than traditional methods. A study of decreased attention in online classes, The upsides and downsides of online education, The rising fees of online and traditional education in universities, A detailed study on the necessity of college internships, The need to provide college scholarships based on environmental achievements. transfers conventional teaching approaches to an outcome-based learning model (Dejene, 2019). (B) In situ backpropagation training of an L-layer PNN for the forward direction and (C) the backward direction showing the dependence of gradient updates for phase shifts on backpropagated errors. For instance, Maphosa and Kalenga (Citation2012), while stating how to modify the traditional lecture method, contend that pausing for two or three times during teachers presentation and inserting a brief demonstration or short ungraded writing exercises followed by class discussion help students to involve in the teaching leaning process. You can specify conditions of storing and accessing cookies in your browser. In addition, instructors may often be scared of trying new ways of teaching, hence resorting to the traditional teacher-centered teaching approach. A time deposit with a fixed term of 12 months can be pre-terminated or can be The existing pandemic and its potential shift to modular distance learning is the reason for this. Yared Music School, which was established in the fifth century, is one of the earliest education institutions in the world. The modular learning design is a sort of learning design that places an emphasis on the use of modules, also known as tiny units of teaching, in order to provide students the opportunity to acquire new knowledge and abilities. On this regard, Coppel, Sigel, and Saunders (Citation1984) wrote that some instructors discourage active learning with the ground that it brings an extra demand in the planning and preparations of lessons. The management bodies are pressuring academics staffs without considering the existing challenges. Figure1: Percentage improvement after implementation of module on experimental group, Difference between mean scores of the experimental and control groups on pretest, Difference between mean scores of the experimental and the control groups on posttest, This site is using cookies under cookie policy . Math@Distance: Distance Mathematics Teaching During COVID-19 Lockdown. Accordingly, 163 instructors were participated in the study. Table 1. In 1961, most colleges were reorganized under Haile Selassie I University (Marew, Citation2000). The following excerpt tells the story as. In other words, large lecture-hall classes need not be barriers in providing the kind of interactive, engaging, and investigative experiences that enhance student learning. This implies that the likelihood of achieving the intended learning outcomes and eventually producing competent graduates through the implementation modularized program is highly being compromised. What is your research eventually trying to achieve? For more about our cookie and privacy policy, see Terms of Use. Here are some good research topics in education to consider. The COVID-19 pandemic remains a compelling issue destabilizing the economy and education, in most parts of the world. You are not required to obtain permission to reuse this article in part or whole. Some say modules . The study was experimental type. New Stanford study finds reading skills among young students stalled during the pandemic. Accordingly, the internal consistency of the instrument for students and instructors was .74 and .71, respectively. In determining the sample size, the researcher used the rule of thumb principle of sampling. Write your explanation on, Give some Interesting Research titles for STEM students (Quantitative Research). Accordingly, the last two decades are characterized by high expansion of higher education in terms of student enrolment, fields of study, graduate programs in the already established universities by adding additional infrastructure, libraries, laboratories, dormitories, classrooms, sport fields and computer centers and establishing 40 new universities in the different regions of the country. Assessments are not the decisions, rather they are sources of information to the decisions. Modular education reduces the cycle time of learning, making it easier to gain tangible skills and value faster than a full traditional degree. Hence, the system was characterized by limited access, inequity, poor quality, weak research output, regimented in its management and underfunded (Saint, Citation2004; Teshome, Citation2004). (Quinones, 2020) Modular learning is the most type of Distance common Learning. There were times we spent going classroom to classroom looking for classrooms with electric power supply or we might spent half an hour sitting in the classroom waiting for LCD projectors. Abstract. 5. Regarding the practice of continuous assessment, the study has found out that instructors frequently use quizzes and tests making students busy and tired all day. To your surprise, most instructors miss classes for the reason that there was no electric power. the problem goes to the extent that instructors give students power-point print outs as handouts and students become dependants on those slides for exams. Scholars in the field of education (e.g., Broadfoot & Black, Citation2004; Hernandez, Citation2012; Mcdonald, Citation2006; Norton, Citation2004) insist that instructors should develop and share assessment criteria (usually rubrics) with learners. Here are some examples of research titles about modular learning. Students were still found as an outsider in the process of knowledge construction playing a recipient role. The interview made with students also confirmed that test and quizzes are the most frequently used assessment techniques. They stressed that the instructors usually give similar marks for all groups with one or two marks difference. They have to provide the student with immediate and continuing feedback. So it is recommended that the modular approach should be widely used at various levels of education. Equivalent group study design was used. With the implementation of modular learning, a lot of issues and problems arose as everybody adjusts to this new mode of learning. Instructors and second year and above regular undergraduate students of three universities were the population of the study. When frequent assessment is combined with regular feedback, it will improve students learning (Rushton, Citation2005). within such shortage of time, you are expected to administer re-tests for those who fail to achieve the minimum pass mark in the test and/or quizzes which is another burden. Therefore, armed with skills and expertise in pedagogy and andragogy, instructors shall be in a position to incorporate active learning techniques in their teaching. A depositor with a savings account in a certain bank may withdraw his cash Classrooms are nowconsidered as a center of intellectual inquiry, allowing students to form ideas, take risks, make mistakes, critically think, fix mistakes, and learn how to solve problem from those mistakes. A novel coronavirus caused this disease (SARS-CoV-2, previously known as 2019-nCoV) (Guo et al., 2020). Moreover, as explained by Loughran and Berry (Citation2005), such learning approach permits the student to work at their own pace (Kain, Citation2003; Nadeem, Citation2013). In agreement with this, majority (77.1%) of the instructors confessed that written exams (quizzes and tests) are the forms of assessment that the instructors use frequently. 500 words what is the importance of citing sources, Ano-ano ang mga tungkulin mo sa iyong sarili ?, Activity 1.2:Lets Check It Out Thus, we prefer written test and quizzes, though not supported with written and/or oral feedback. The key purpose of this research was to find out the effectiveness of modular approach in teaching in order to assess the student learning, performance and achievement and to determine whether the modular teaching is more effective than traditional methods. 2. Data were collected using questionnaire and semi-structured interview. Academic integrity is deteriorating among staff. account holder or the depositor. The belief persists, as explained by Leo (Citation2007), that active learning takes too much time and thus covering the portion is difficult or impossible. Accepted author version posted online: 29 Apr 2019. In their academic organization, they were somewhat more American and less British, than in the former colonies of East Africa. We might not even recognize the new block course and instructor as we still worrying about due dates for assignment submissions and completions. Skills gaps: Students have not had the practice necessary to develop common skills. The emphasis must be on the oneone students with unique abilities, aspiration, and influencing experiences and, again to provide quality education, the teacher must personalize and individualize the instructional program. Full Document, 1. Creativity, flexibility, and lifelong learning are requirements needed to be successful in a real world. xY[s~w(a.:W>dvd Ih[tt}0\]^0|O:;Y./p77#w?_//cj~?(/e1KsMA22iP7.uuAY~sc^[KGA >"twGSF&pql8g*/ZXA//Qbyz]>"&_="*D Bs9IJsJd$?,:2QAig-HSl[S. Modular learning, as defined by DepEd, is a type of distance, learning that employs Self-Learning Modules (SLM) based on the Most Essential Learning, Competencies (MELCS). The teachinglearning process was found to be predominately teacher-centered and limited to PowerPoint presentations. Teaching at this moment is extraordinarily hard, and you'll need the virtual company of people who are experiencing what you are. An in-depth review of literature addressed topics including, Educational Theories supporting modular learning, the development of modular learning, Furthermore, 97 (67.4%) of the instructors reported that students were not communicated in advance about assessment criteria for individual and group assignments as students are not aware of assessment criteria for group and individual assignments.
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