why did naboth refuse to sell his vineyard

Gods way is always best, but Ahab and Jezebel thought that they knew better than God. These are some very strong words, but Ahab had earned his punishment. Ray Dillard pointed to Leviticus 25 for the answer: "Because the land represented the fruit of the nation's redemption, God commanded that it. Moreover, the editor of Kings is clearly picturing a vineyard located east of Jezreel and close to the main highway, the Via Maris. Groucho Marx. Careers Workplace and Religion Columnists, Recreation Outdoors and Religion Columnists, Religious Music and Entertainment Columnists, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. She had him falsely accused and stoned to death. He refused because the land belonged to the whole family. 1 Kings 21:1-29 The same year that he makes peace with the Arameans (in c.856BC), King Ahab wants to expand the grounds of his palace at Jezreel, so he claims Naboth's vineyard on the slopes of the Vale of Jezreel (see 14 on Map 58). You have found me! Here was a woman that sowed sin and iniquity with both hands; and she paid for it in the end, as we will notice in a few minutes. Immediately you heard glass breaking. But Naboth said to Ahab, 'The Lord forbid that I should give you my ancestral inheritance.'. This reminds us of Haman (in the Book of Esther), all worked up because Mordecai the Jew refused to bow before him. A close reading of the text, however, reveals that the authors are not primarily concerned with wealth and poverty. Just like Ahab, each one of us has done evil in Gods sight, and we deserve to be punished by our just God (Romans 3:23). He had lots of good thingsbut here he was, acting like a baby. If the property produces an annual harvest, it is counted as land, and any sale is actually a sale of a certain number of harvests (25:15). He had a really good reason for refusing the King. May be reproduced for personal, nonprofit, and non-commercial uses only. (McGovern et al 1997:17). It appears to me that a productive field or vineyard located within a walled city would be treated as land, and thus could not be sold in perpetuity. Lets listen very carefully to Ahabs answer. How did Ahab respond to Naboths refusal to sell the vineyard? Why did Naboth refuse to sell his vineyard to Ahab? Some peoples land was better than others. But God loves us so much, that He sent Jesus to pay for our sin. BCE and approximately 100 other examples can be found at Samaria and other hill-top sites from that period. Teacher: Hold up a bunch of grapes. | Chased him out of the palace | Repented | Laughed | Threw a spear at him |. Ahab stopped eating and began to act very humble. The LORD had forbidden him to do so in the Law of Moses. why did naboth refuse to sell his vineyard - godivaciones.es : Collected Essays Volume 2 (Winona Lake: Eisenbrauns, 2005) 233241 (239). it belonged to a commoner, Naboth of Jezreel (an ancient city at the foot of Mount Gilboa, probably the site of the modern Israeli settlement of the same name). [17] Jezreel in the Iron Age was a military center, probably the main mustering station for Ahabs chariot force, and he would have used his own vineyard to provision the army. For whatsoever a man soweth, that shall he also reap.. God had already decreed a punishment - Ahab, Jezebel, and their sons would be destroyed. Just so it is todaywhen a law of the country clearly conflicts with an express command of God, we ought to obey God rather than men, Acts 5:29; and thats exactly what Naboth did. Archaeologists have recovered over one hundred wine dockets (receipts for taxes paid in wine), in the form of ostraca (inscribed pottery sherds), that testify to wine having been brought in to the capital. Naboth could have lived richly by selling his vineyard, but the word of the Lord meant more to him than earthly riches, and he stood firm. Thank God for those who understand you, and pray for you, and look for the best in you. Growing grapes. See, Carey E. Walsh,The Fruit of the Vine: Viticulture in Ancient Israel(Harvard: Harvard Semitic Museum Publications, 2000), 149-150. Jodi is part of the Childrens Ministry team at Grace Fellowship Church, outside of Atlanta. But if it is not bought back for him within the space of a full year, then the house that is in the walled city passes permanently to its purchaser throughout his generations; it does not revert in the jubilee. This rule is stated with respect to dwelling houses in walled cities, and does not explicitly apply to land within walled cities. He went back to his palace in Samaria. This meant that Samaria was his capital, not Jezreel, and his temple in Jezreel was not the palace, only his temple, not because he was the king." 3 Cf. window.location.replace(""); Jezebel. The law provided that the land could be leased for a period, but that it could never be sold outright (Leviticus 25:13-15).. 2. Now we may not act quite like that, but our spirits can become pretty peevish sometimes when things dont go our way. Naboth was following Gods orders. He seeks after us; He wants us to turn from our sin and follow Him. But Elijah did not repent. She was determined to get Ahab what he wanted. He went home, crawled in bed and refused to eat! The leaders did as they were told. He is offered, in exchange, either land or money, even "a better vineyard." (1 Kings 21:2) Naboth, doubtless, in things lawful would have been happy to gratify the king's desire. Even when the prophet Elijah gave up and ran away, God went after Him. 1 meter in diameter, that possibly functioned as another vat. See my discussion of this complex in my Jezreel: A Military City and the Location of Jehus Coup,TheTorah.com(2017). Naboth was one of the seven thousand (in Elijahs day) who had refused to bow the knee to Baal; and soquickly and firmly and courteouslyhe refused the offer. So Ahab talked with Naboth, the man who owned the vineyard, and made him an offer. Ahabs face turned pale; and before Elijah could speak, Ahab said to him, Hast thou found me, O mine enemy? verse 20. God of compassion, you suffer in the grief of your people, and you are present to heal and forgive. Every mother ought to teach this truth to her children. Lessons from Elijah, Part 7: Naboth's Vineyard - Amazing Facts If you were born a farmer on a certain piece of property, thats where you would remain for your entire life. Walter Brueggemann What Naboth Teaches Us Today - Church Anew why did naboth refuse to sell his vineyard - 1 Kings 21:15-16 NLT. The distinction between land and city-property seems to be one of productivity. Jodi has over 20 years experience teaching children in large and small group settings. I dont believe theres a force in all the world, that could destroy America, if its women were pure and godly. Choose Justice. [14] Though not the case for Jezreel, some early wineries were undoubtedly altered in later periods and continued to function. King Ahab wanted Naboth's vineyard because of its location next to his palace. Application: There are many times in our lives when we may be tempted not to tell the whole truth. He lived in palaces inlaid with ivory and gold, but still he wasnt satisfied. And it came to pass, when Ahab heard that Naboth was dead, that Ahab rose up to go down to the vineyard of Naboth the Jezreelite, to take possession of it. He refused because the land belonged to the whole family. vv. why did naboth refuse to sell his vineyard Watchtower ONLINE LIBRARY But I will bring it on his royal house when his son is king." - 1 Kings 21:1-4 NLT. Eat something! Surely Naboth will do well to sell or exchange on such liberal terms. Elijah Condemns Ahab. Date posted: December 13, 2017. Ahab's Criminal Request of Naboth: Why Naboth Refused (1Kings 21:2-4) And the battle increased that day: and the king was stayed up in his chariot against the Syrians, and died at even: and the blood ran out of the wound into the midst of the chariot. bible 51-53 Flashcards | Quizlet 10 9thcent. 29, 31, 32). During those years, I can imagine that Ahab never heard a dog bark, but that he didnt jump. . King Ahab - A Lesson in Grace | DaveTrenholm.com Jehu came to take the kingdom from her; she was thrown down from the palace window, and the dogs feasted on her flesh. temple university school of medicine affiliated hospitals Menu. He gave himself over to do what was evil in the sight of the Lord. Naboth was a Jezreelite. Though Ahab was an evil king, God was faithful to the promises He had made to His people, the Israelites (Deuteronomy 20:10-13). Answer (1 of 6): Thank you for the question of identity for Naboth's vineyard, "What king orchestrated the stoning of Naboth simply because he wanted ownership of his vineyard (1 Kings 21:1-16)?" As one reads I Kings 21:1-16, the answer is given in the text. [4] A. Rof, Vineyard of Naboth (see above note 1), 438-444; M. Cogan, 1 Kings (see above note 1) 486. The devil wants to do the same thing with us, he wants us to give up the inheritance that God gives to us. And a certain man drew a bow at a venture, and smote Ahab between the joints of the harness: wherefore he said unto the driver of his chariot, turn thine hand, and carry me out of the host; for I am wounded. The next chapter of the Bible, 1 Kings 20, centers around two wars. His words are smoother than butter. When Ahab asked for the vineyard, Naboth said, " The . When Jezebel heard the news, she said to Ahab, You know the vineyard Naboth wouldnt sell you? It was a woman who caused Samson to have his eyes punched out; it was a woman who danced Herod into hell. Naboth was Ahab's cousin, with the result that the king, by killing Naboth's sons (ii Kings 9:26), could claim his vineyard by right of inheritance (Sanh. [5] Jennie Ebeling, Norma Franklin, and Ian Cipin, Jezreel Revealed in Laser Scans: A Preliminary Report of the 2012 Survey Season,Near Eastern Archaeology75.4 (2012): 23239. The treading floor, which slopes down toward a vat, Vat 1, and is connected to it by a 15 centimeter long, 5 centimeter wide, rock-cut channel. He did not give a second thought to Gods command about the land. We will see that this is going to cause a whole lot of trouble! Using human logic, Naboth would have been better off taking the Kings offer. Who was Naboth in the Bible? | GotQuestions.org A Wicked Queen Is Punished. Not all Jews were as scrupulous about the matter as Naboth was, for sometimes they did sell their land; but Naboth feared God. Listen for answers. Say: Look carefully at what Ahab said. neurosurgeon in mumbai available today; macon land bank; entry level container ship jobs; top 100 banned books list 2022; madison school board candidates 2021; Naboth said, The Lord forbid it me, that I should give the inheritance of my fathers unto thee.. It was simply a matter of covenant faithfulness. why did naboth refuse to sell his vineyard - faro.com.pe But Naboth was not doing what was right in his own eyes; he was obeying God. When it was your turn to bat, you closed your eyes and swung your hardest. why did naboth refuse to sell his vineyard God had blessed him with being made the earthly King of Gods own people, and Ahab turned his back on God and all this was right. Who was Naboth the Jezreelite in the Old Testament? - BibleAsk Modern interpreters tend to view this story through the lens of economic exploitation and use words like fairness and justice to describe the situation. Such a transaction would have been a clear violation of Gods command regarding Israels inheritance. He used to make regular pilgrimages to Jerusalem, and as a great singer, many followed him. Then the word of the Lord came to Elijah the Tishbite, saying: Go down to meet King Ahab of Israel, who rules in Samaria; he is now in the vineyard of Naboth, where he has gone to take possession. A person with a residence in one place and a vineyard in another is a wealthy person, and one might imagine that such a person lived in the capital city, Samaria. Franklin, Samaria, 190195; Franklin, Jezreel, 46. Answers (1) Give five reasons why David was successful as a King of Israel. Her bosom heaved with anger, and her eyes flashed with rage. Ahab and the Vineyard of Naboth - Bible Helps, Inc Jehu was known as one who drove furiously. The Bible says, There was never anyone like Ahab. 1 Kings 21:1-16 states that Naboth owned a vineyard, in proximity to King Ahab's palace in the city of Jezreel. masked singer uk season 1 reveals . Nevertheless, we may not be fully vindicated in this life. The distinction between land and city-property seems to be one of productivity. She said it was needful to proclaim a fast in order to avoid the wrath of heaven. Certain men of worthless character were hired to testify against him, and he had no chance to answer. Failing to honor God is, in the end, the real injustice from which all other kinds come. [11], It is difficult to date ancient rock-cut agricultural installations,[12] and the winery in Area K is no exception. It seems that the rules of Leviticus 25:29-30 would apply: if a man sells a dwelling house in a walled city, then his redemption right remains valid until a full year from its sale; his right of redemption lasts a full year. His mother used to gather purple clusters of grapes from those vines; and thus, surely Naboth loved every spot in that vineyard. He forgets who God is and what God is really like. The opinions expressed are solely those of the author, and do not necessarily represent the opinions or policies of any other person, religious organization or governmental entity. Naboth the Jezreelite had a vineyard, which was in JezreelAhab was desirous, from its contiguity to the palace, to possess it for a vegetable garden. She said to give Naboth a special seat, and then call in two bad men who would lie about Naboth, saying that he had cursed God and cursed the King. They stoned him to death. Verse 11 says the elders proclaimed a fast (they were afraid to contradict the wishes of the queen); and then curious throngs of people hurried to the city on the day of this fast. Plot 90 Kanjokya Street Phone: 0705228456 E-mail: info@gradesplus.ug Company About Us Our Team Privacy Policy Terms of Use. This is the story. As he walked, he planned how he would have his gardener pull up the vines to plant instead, cucumbers and squash and melons; thus, as he desired, the vineyard would be for him a garden of herbs. The sacred text utilized the vineyard as a metaphor for believers to understand the importance of making a decision to stay connected to the vine, a fruit-bearing source. She has also spent many years mentoring Middle School and High School girls. A Wicked Queen Is Punished - JW.ORG The complex covers an area of approximately 12 square meters, and its characteristics indicate that it was a winery: The wine in Jezreel was made by traditional grape-stomping. So you must pay for his life with yours. 15 As soon as Jezebel got their message, she told Ahab, "Now you can have the vineyard Naboth refused to sell. He ate the finest foods served on lavish platters, but he had a starved soul. God had clearly said that the land should not be transferred from tribe to tribe, and he was afraid to disobey Gods clear command. All rights reserved worldwide. This is in stark contrast with festivities that took place during the vernal equinox when palace employees also received wine, but just a modest 1ksu, 0.2 litres or one ordinary glass. And Ahab spake unto Naboth, saying, Give me thy vineyard, that I may have it for a garden of herbs, because it is near unto my house: and I will give thee for it a better vineyard than it; or, if it seem good to thee, I will give thee the worth of it in money.. Because of their mistreatment of Naboth, Ahab and Jezebel were each promised an untimely and violent demise. Say: God sent Elijah to Naboths vineyard to give King Ahab a VERY serious message. - 1 Kings 20:42-43. If youre bothered by every little trivial misunderstanding, youd better grow up. He probably looked a lot like this. Being afraid to disobey Gods clear command, Naboth refused to sell. A Lesson from Naboth's Vineyard - New Boston Church of Christ . Unless otherwise noted the Scriptures taken from: Holy Bible, New International Readers Version, (NIrV). So the Lord says, 'I am going to bring horrible trouble on you. Since Naboths vineyard was in Jezreel, it was presumably within a walled city. Posted at 09:48h in michael deluise matt leblanc by So King Ahab did not get what he wanted. Even though God is just, and must punish sin because He is holy, He is also completely loving, giving us every opportunity to turn from our sin, and turn to Him. He refused because of the law concerning land. 1 Kings 21 tells the story of King Ahab and a man named Naboth who owned a vineyard adjacent to the kings palace. What did Naboth refuse to sell? | Bible Trivia & Puzzles Nobody ever did, and no one ever will. The living, righteous, sin-hating God (to whom every man must give an account some day) was observing all this wickedness. This has been a story of cruelty, hypocrisy, falsehood, covetousness, murder and injustice. Ahab then began to covet the land and Jezebel, his wife stirred him up to take the land from him. The young, unfiltered grape juice, called must, would have started to ferment as soon as it came into contact with the yeast that occurs naturally on the grape skins. why did naboth refuse to sell his vineyard. Ahab wanted Naboths vineyard but Naboth refused to give it to him. why did naboth refuse to sell his vineyard - Exodus 34:b-7a CEV. If we have done something wrong, leaving out details might seem like a convenient way to stay out of trouble. All the memories of his childhood were tangled in the grapevines of that vineyard. vv. But Naboth refused to sell it to him because it was against Jehovah's Law to sell inherited land. Families were not free to do with the land whatever they wanted. Im sure that Ahab had no intention of cheating Naboth out of his vineyard, neither did he think that he would kill him in order to get it. He worshiped statues of gods. (1 Kings 21:25-26a). Using human logic, Naboth would have been better off taking the Kings offer. One day Ahab asked Naboth to sell him the vineyard because it was very near the . [6] Likely some of these were used to store wine; at ancient Gibeon, 63 rock-cut, bottle-shaped storage pits or cellars, one with in-situ wine jars, served just this purpose. Teacher: Make a scowl face, sticking out your bottom lip with your arms crossed in a huff. Israelites lived in covenant faithfulness as they remained married to the land God gave them, for better or for worse. [1] Nadav Naaman, Pharonic Lands in the Jezreel Valley in the Late Bronze Age. cryptocurrency lawyer vancouver why did naboth refuse to sell his vineyard Naboth declined Ahab's offer to buy the vineyard or to exchange it for a better vineyard somewhere else, because Jehovah had prohibited sale in perpetuity of a family inheritance. Patheos has the views of the prevalent religions and spiritualities of the world. 1 Kings 21:3 - Bible Hub Then, too, with Ahabs summer palace being so close, Naboth had a glimpse of the idolatry and the wild parties that were commonly held in the kings palace. A three-to-four square kilometer area to the west, north, and east of the upper tel of Jezreel was divided into survey areas based on the LiDAR model. Verse 4 of 1 Kings 21 says, And Ahab came into his house heavy and displeased because of the word which Naboth the Jezreelite had spoken to him . The benefit of treading grapes by feet as opposed to using a wine press is that it prevents the pips (little grape seeds) from being smashed and changing the taste of the wine. Neither did it offer people economic freedom. God is not blind that He cannot see; Hes not deaf that He cannot hear; Hes not paralyzed that He cannot move. He had a vineyard in close proximity to Ahab's palace in Jezreel. It appears to me that a productive field or vineyard located within a walled city would be treated as land, and thus could not be sold in perpetuity. The Jubilee law makes a distinction between property in the land, property in unwalled villages, property in walled cities, and property in Levitical cities (cf. A king sees something he desires, and he devises a way to take it. By himself, Ahab probably would never have thought of stealing the vineyard or of killing Naboth in order to get possession of it; but Jezebel was the polluted reservoir that fed the streams of Ahabs iniquity. (One writer says, Black ink never wrote a more evil plot on white paper). The land and the people whom God had joined together, no one should put asunder. Hanover, PA 17331 The use of this gentilic implies that he resided somewhere else as well, otherwise he would not have required a qualifier. It had always been his home; he had played there as a boy and toiled there as a man. Jezebel (the Queen) noticed the kings fury; and when she heard what had happened, at once she revealed her awful character. Naboth owned his vineyard and, as owner, Naboth could sell his vineyard if he wanted to. Forgiving Ahab: Naboth's vineyard and God's justice - The Christian Century All Rights Reserved. One day Ahab said to Naboth, Since your vineyard is so convenient to my palace, I would like to buy it to use as a vegetable garden. Note to Teacher: Jezebels plan is both ironic and disturbing. 148. Elijah's prophetic judgment happened (1 Kin 22:29-40; 2 Kin 9:1 - 10:17). To Naboth, it seemed wrong to give up his vineyard because the Levitical code allowed that "the inheritance of the children of Israel" might not "remove from tribe to tribe," but that everyone should "keep himself to the inheritance of the tribe of his fathers" (Num. Naboth is hurried along by a tumultuous crowd with each bearing torches, and passing through the city gate, until they reached the space outside of the city walls into Naboth's own vineyard (2 Kings 9:25-26). Naboth refused, because it was against the Mosaic Law to sell his ancestral land. Every father ought to lovingly teach it to his sons and daughters. Amen. But if it is not bought back for him within the space of a full year, then the house that is in the walled city passes permanently to its purchaser throughout his generations; it does not revert in the jubilee. This rule is stated with respect to dwelling houses in walled cities, and does not explicitly apply to land within walled cities. Every preacher ought to preach it everywhere. But even though God showed incredible grace and mercy to Ahab, Ahab did not follow Gods law. Truth matters, and as believers in Jesus, who is the Truth, we should always tell the whole truth. For Naboth is no longer alive, but dead." Ahab had lost nothing; no one had injured him; no one had made an attempt on his life. Jezebel, the king's wife, asked him what was wrong. Many men today are what they are, because of a womans faith and love and tears and devotion to Christ. The king went to bed with his face to the wall and refused to eat! Ed, Issue 46, Winter 2023. Think of all those who love you and are concerned for your welfare. At the return of Jesus, however, Among her articles are: Dispelling the fog () around the Ophel ( ), Correlation and Chronology: Samaria and Megiddo Redux, and Samaria: From the Bedrock to the Omride Palace., Launched Shavuot 5773 / 2013 | Copyright Project TABS, All Rights Reserved, script type="text/javascript"> As he walked up and down that choice garden analyzing where he would plant the various vegetables and herbssuddenly he heard a footstep behind him; he turned and there he stood, face to face, before the prophet of God, Elijah the Tishbite. Naboth s Refusal March 30, 2005 by Peter Leithart Why did Naboth refuse to sell his vineyard to Ahab? Every sentence (in those letters) was filled with hate. All Ahab's sins come down to one. So suddenly has this thing come upon him that Naboth can hardly realize that they are in earnest. Under the covenant, the land was never to be permanently transferred to someone else. script>. Say: Thats it exactly! [3] Excavations commenced in June 2013 in four very different areasK, M, P and S.. [4] The first large-scale excavations at Tel Jezreel were conducted in the 1990s by David Ussishkin of Tel Aviv University and John Woodhead of the British School of Archaeology in Jerusalem, and it focused on excavating the remains of a 9th-(more likely 8th) century-BCE military enclosure. And the same thing was true for Jezebel. Ahab did what was right in his own eyes. Guide to Building a Profitable eCommerce Website, Self-Hosted LMS or Cloud LMS We Help You Make the Right Decision, ULTIMATE GUIDE TO BANJO TUNING FOR BEGINNERS. . why did naboth refuse to sell his vineyardkey west italian restaurants. Adjoining Ahab's palace in Jezreel was a beautiful vineyard, belonging to a man named Naboth. The ball went right through your neighbors window, but no one was home at your neighbors, so you hid the bat and didnt say a word. It does not matter whether they are slaves or free You have made me very angry. Best Buddies Turkey Ekibi; Videolar; Bize Ulan; what tribe was naboth from 27 ub. Two adjacent rock-cut vats each ca. He went home and refused to eat anything. Dont let trivial, insignificant things ruin your happiness; if you do, youre acting like this wicked king, not like a son of God. "Naboth said to Ahab, 'The Lord forbid me that I should give you the inheritance of my fathers." (1 Kings 21.3} According to the Law, Naboth could not sell his father's inheritance, and he reminds the king of this, thereby declaring his faithfulness to the Lord God. He acted in the most evil way. [5], Also, over 100 rock-cut bottle-shaped pits, scattered over the summit of the hill, were found. 25:23, The land shall not be sold forever: for the land is mine; for ye are strangers and sojourners with me. Num. But no! Its one of the most gruesome accounts in the whole Bible, but there are a number of lessons we should learn from it. " - 1 Kings 21:20-22, Elijah told Ahab that Jezebel would also be killed. Did Ahab respect Naboth for doing the right . - 1 Kings 21:6 NLT. He was a speedbreaking driver of his day, and soon brought his horses to a stop just outside the gate of the stolen vineyard. Naboth's Vineyard | Reformed Bible Studies & Devotionals at Ligonier what tribe was naboth from Programlar. Please support us. Leviticus 25 assumes that a landed Israelite would be willing to part with his property only in extreme circumstances, as a last resort (v. 25). It was a woman who suggested to Haman that he build a gallows on which to hang Mordecai; it was a woman who told Job (in the midst of his suffering) to curse God and die. A roughly triangular depression in the center of the treading floor was probably used to collect the grape skins, pips and stalks that formed a block around which the juice flowed toward the primary fermentation vat (Vat 1). Later, your mom came and asked, Honey, did you see what happened to the neighbors window? Since your eyes were closed, you quickly reply, No. You may not have seen it, but you certainly knew what happened. Why did Naboth refuse to sell his vineyard to King Ahab? God sent a prophet to tell Ahab, "The Lord says, 'Do you see this huge army? The bottle-shaped pits found at Jezreel are identical with those at Gibeon, and were ideal temperate storage places for secondary fermentation. This would also fit with the current assumptions about the winery in the capital, Samaria, where a 5 by 10 meter treading floor and some smaller treading areas were excavated by the Harvard Excavations in the early 1900s. The judicial setting of a heavenly tribunal brings to mind the previous chapter (21), in which, seeing that Ahab is distraught when Naboth refuses to sell him his vineyard, [14] his wife Jezebel conspires in Ahab's name to present false testimony against Naboth before a tribunal, after which he is executed and his property escheated to the Crown. (v. 15) What light can archaeology shed on this vineyard and its place in Jezreel? 1 Kings 21:1 Naboth the Jezreelite owned a vineyard in Jezreel, near the hal of King Ahab of Samaria. Finally, the perfect and patient God had had enough. Elijahs eyes were keen and piercing. When Naboth refused to part with his vineyard (the inheritance of my fathers), Jezebel falsely charged him with blaspheming God and the king, which led to Naboths death by stoning.

Brad Iceman'' Colbert Wife, Articles W